Burner



0. F. CARLSON,

BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9. I9I9.

Patented Oct. 11, 1921.

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BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED .IUNE 9.1919. 1,392,909, Patented Oct. 11,19%. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED IuNI 9, 1919.

Patented Oct. H, 1921,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- O. F. CARLSON.

BURNER.

APPLicATIoN FILED JUNE 9.1919.

1,392,909, 9 Patented ome. 11, 1921..

` 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

) Y 56m 60) OO W A@ I /99 59 ITED STATES OSR F. CARLSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

BURNER.

Maaate.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, OSCAR F.l CARLSON, a citizen of the United States, residin at Chicago, in the county of Cook and tate of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being @had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of--this specification.

My invention relates to burners, and` more particularly to burners for automobile boilers and the like.

The object of this invention is to provideV a suitable form of burner and burner casing and a suitable form of boilerv casing and supporting device for automobile boiler and the like.

-In order to develop the required power for driving automobiles of this character it is necessary to liberate the heat energy from the fuel in the lire box. As the burner is usually designedto develop maximumpower and as the automobile engine norma ly is called upon for maximum power only at rare intervals, it is impossible to kee the burner going at all times. The boi ertakes up the surplus delivered by the burner and stores the same, until the `pressure in the boiler has risen to such a point where it is undesirable to create any reater pressure. It is then necessary to s ut off i the burner'. This is usually done by means ofan automatic pressure valve.

I have found that or generating a maximum quantity of he t within a' restricted space, the vaporizing type of burner is most satisfactory. The practical diiiculty with this type of burner is. the necessity for keeping the vapor generator hot between periods when the burner is operating, so that the main burner may be started up promptly and automatically after each period of inaction.

It has been customary to provide a pilot burner, that is a burner of small size, which will supply sucient heat to keep the vaporizer hot at all times. While little heat is required to be furnished by the pilot burner, the pilot burner is nevertheless subjected to heavy duties because of the requirement for continuing operation. I vhave found thatl where a vaporizing stylel of burner is employed, it is dicult to maintain the same in proper operation. Not only is such a burner difcult to keep in operation continuously,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oet. ai, 192i.

difficulty in burner.

but it is subject to the same starting that attends the main I provide a pilotburner of the atomizing type. This burner can be stopped and started instantly and as a consequence no d elay 1n starting the main burner is occasioned thereby. The pilot burner can be started without preliminary heating and its flame directed upon the vaporizer for the main burner, soft-hat all the time consumed in starting is that required to bring the main vaporizer to the heated condition.

The fire box of the main burner provides ample room for the pilot burner, so that a clean flame results, even though an atomizlng burner is employed.

I permit the pilot burner to operate constantly, although Iit is not essential that it be in operation while the main burner is in action.

The particular construction of pilot burner which I have provided is well adapted for automobile practice, but is highly useful in other situations. The boiler casing and the frame supporting the same is particularly adapted for supporting a boiler of the Winslow type, which is characterized by tubular sectional construction, adapted to carry high pressure.

A further feature of my invention is the .Y

provision of means for preeheating the air before the same is injected into the mixing chamber. This is important because of the ability of the heated air t0 mix more freelv with the oil vapor, maintaining the mixturve in a fluid condition without tending to chill the oil vapor, and forming a more intimate mixture.

@ther and incidental improvements will be apparent from the following specification.

In the accompanying drawings, v

`Figure is a side elevational view of the boilr andA burner casings in assembled position;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the burner and casing;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical cross sec'- tion on an enlarged scale;

Fig. el is a plan view with parts broken away, of the burner and casing;

Fig. 5 is a detailed cross section of the preferred form of fuel nozzle;

Fig. t3 is end view of the same;

ig. t" is a front of al. tmc? loo air discharge jet employed in connection with the nozzle shown in Fig. 5.

The boiler and burner are supported upon the main frame of the automobile by a special framei resting upon the main automobile frame. The boiler casing 10 is formed preferably of sheet metal with flanges 11 of angle iron to permit of convenient fastening of the casing sections'together. f

The casing 12 of the burner 13 is fastened at its upper edges by the angle iron flanges 14 and is' fastened at its side edges by the angle iron flanges 15 to the adjacent portions of the boiler casing. The casing 12 is also supported from Vthe main boiler frame by the clamping bracket 16, which thus relieves the boiler casing 10 of the weight of the burner and casing. The burner casing comprises an upper section 17 and a lower section 18 of which the upper section 17 contains the burner proper andthe lower section 18 contains a mixing chamber. These upper and lower sections 17 and 18 areconlnected together by means of the flanges 19 and 2() respectively.

v'The upper section 17 comprises an outer wall 21,spaced away from the inner wall 22 to provide an air jacket between the two. The inner wall 22, which is adjacent the interior of the fire box is sheathed with heat insulating material 23 held in place. The insulating material is held between the inner wall 22 and a wall 24 which may consist of a plate cast withI a seriesof integral fins 25 thereupon.

The air vjacket which surrounds the fire box communicates with the atmosphere through a series of holes 26 shown at the front and side in Figs. 1 and 2. The lower casing section 18 comprises a mixing chamber 27 and an air duct or air chamber 28, which is separated from the mixing chamber 27 by a wall 29. A pair of mixing tubes projectl from lthe air duct 28 into the mixing chamber' 27, a suitable nozzle 31 be ing introduced into the open mouth of the corresponding mixing tube 30 to entrain the airfrom the air .duct 28 and to drive the same out of the open end of the mixing tube 30, which lies within the mixing chamber 27. The inner end of the mixing tube 30 is fastened by a bolt 32 to the rear wall of the section 18. 'llhe tube is cut away as shown at 33 in Fig. 3v so that the mixture of vapor and hot air i`s` discharged upward at the rear end of the sections.

A baille plate 34 extends above the two mixing tubes 36 to cause an evenl distribution of themixture which passes arounrl the edges of the plate 34, as will readily be seen from Fig. 4, passing up through the :openings in the burner casting 'o;r plate 36.

rThe hot air jacket which surrounds the lire box. communicates with the air duct or air chamber 28 in the bottom section 18 through the passageways 37 valong the sides of the bottoni section 18. Lateral walls 38 join the front wall 29 and thus serve to divide ofi' the mixing chamber 27.

A pipe 40 is connected to the main oil reservoir through the automatic valve 41 and provides the oil which is fed to. the vaporizing generator for the main burner. The vapor generator comprises a plurality of loops 42 which connect with a flattened coil 43 lying at the front end of the burner. The flattened coil 43 connects with a branch pipe 44, the ends of which are connected by thc connecting blocks 45 to the' vertical connection pipes 46, which terminate in the nozzles 31. These vertical connecting pipes 46 are supported by threading into the frame plate 47.

rFhe front end of the burner casting 36 is provided with a series of small holes 48, which lie beneath the flat coil 43 for heating said coil. These openings 48 are fed with combustible mixture through a restricted vpassageway 49, which controls the height of the flames at this point.

The pilot burner 50 is arranged at the front end of the burner casing and ,cornprises a float chamber 51 which maintains a constant level of liquid supply for feeding a fuel nozzle 52. The main nozzle 53 forms an atomizer for discharging a combustible fuel and air mixture into thejfire box of the main burner. The pilot burner nozzle 54 (Fig. 3) extends through the front wall 21 and discharges into the interior of the flattened.coil 43. This nozzle 54 has a flat flaring outlet to give a flame which will heat up thevaporizing coil 43 in the most advantageous manner. Back of the nozzle 54 there is formed a barrel member 55 having a flange 56 to which is connected the flange 57 of the mainv nozzle 53.

As shown in Fig. 5 the main nozzle 53 comprises an air discharge tube 58 having the flange 57 for connection to the flange 56 and a threaded boss 58 projecting outwardly therefrom to facilitate the connection thereto of a suitable air line. The air discharge tube 58 is internally threaded adjacent its inner end whereby an air discharge jet 59,

shown in eleva-tion in Fig. 7, is mounted therein. The air discharge' tube 58 is externally threaded adjacent the inner face of the flange 57 to facilitate the mounting of a sleeve 60 about the air discharge tube 58, forming an annular space 61 between the tube 58 and the sleeve 60.

The sleeve 60 is provided with a bore or port 95 which connects with the bore 96 of the fuel nozzle 52, the bore or port 95 being suitably countersunk to facilitate such connection. l

A cap 97, pro-vided with an axial discharge opening 98, is threaded upon the inner end of the sleeve 60. This cap 97 incloses the inner ends of the air discharge tube 58 and the air discharge jet 59. The open end of the sleeve 6() is closed off except for a plurality of relatively restricted port openings 99 by the coperation of a flange 100 formed adjacent the end of the discharge tube 58 with the bore of the cap 97. l

The end of the air discharge jet 59 is externally tapered and coperates with the internally tapered bore of the cap 97 forming a restricted annular space therebetween. Fuel oil admitted to the annular space 6lI from the bore 96 ofthe fuel nozzle 52 is discharged through the restricted port openings 99 and in a fine film through the annular space between the tapered end of the' jet 59 and the cap 97 where it is` thoroughly atomized by the air discharging from the restricted axial air discharge opening of the jet 59 a'nd the thoroughly atomized fuel is then projected through the axial discharge opening 98 of the cap 97. The flange 57 of the main nozzle 53 is perforated or apertiired as shown at 101 to permit air to be drawn into the barrel member 55 mixed with the thoroughly atomized fuel and dis.

away adjacent the pilot burner nozzle 54,

the space between the wall 21 and the wall 22 being closed off by a suitable frame 66 of angle iron, to form a recess at this point. The front wall 21 is pro-vided with a small window which is closed by a sheet of mica 67, to permit the condition of the pilot burner and main burner to be observed rom the exterior of the casing.

I do not intend to be limited to the details shown and described, as my invention is capable of variations and modifications.

I claim: r

1. In combination, a boiler casing, a burner having a vaporizing conduit, a mixing chamber, a nozzle communicating with the vaporizing conduit and discharging into the mixing chamber and an air jacket supplying heated air to the mixing chamber, said air jacket contiguously bordering the burner sfo as to be immediately subject to the heat generated thereby.

2. In combination, a boiler casing, a burner, a burner casing contiguously bordering the burner and secured to said boiler casing forming a continuation thereof, said burner casing having double Walls at the sides, a mixing chamber in the bottom of said casing, communicating 'with the air space between said double walls, a burner above the mixing chamber and a vaporizing coil having a nozzle discharging into the mixing chamber.

3. In combination, a boiler casing, a burner casing secured to said boiler casing and forming a continuation of the same, said burner casing having double walls about the lire box, said double walls comprising an inner wall having projecting pins lying within the air space between said Walls. a mixing chamber in the bottom of said casing, a mixing tube projecting into the mixing chamber, said tube communicating with the air space between said double walls. a burner above the mixing chamber and la vaporizing conduit having a nozzle discharging into the mixing tube. 4. In a device of the class described, a casing forming the side walls of a fire box, a boiler defining the upper wall of the fire box, a vaporizing burner in said casing, a vapor generator in Said casing for supplying said vaporizing burner and a pilot burner comprising an atomizing burner adapted to direct a -iame into said yCasing and upon the vapor generator therein, both of said vburners serving to heat the boiler, andan air jacket supplying heated air to the vaporizing burner,said air jacket contiguously bordering the burner so as to be immediately subject to the heat generated thereby. j f

5. Inl combination a burner casing comprising an upper section and a lower section, the upper section having double walls to form an air jacket for the fire box, the lower Section comprising a mixing chamber and a hot air conduit communicating with said hot air jacket in the upper casing section, a mixing tube communicating with the hot air conduit and with the interior of the mixing chamber, a burner above the mixing chamber, a vaporizing conduit, and a nozzle for injecting vapor from the conduit into said mixing tube.

6. In combination, a main discharge nozzle. a, secondary 'nozzle-projecting Within ',isaid main discharge nozzle, a spark plug projecting into said main discharge nozzle beyond the discharge endof said secondary nozzle, saidsecondary nozzle including a liquid fuel jet and an air jet forming an atomizer for discharging a mixture of fuel and air out of said secondary nozzle past the spark plug in said main nozzle and out of said main nozzle, and a constant level supply chamber communicating with the liquid fuel jet.

7. In combination, a burner casing, a 'coil within said vburner casing, a barrel outside of said burner casing, a nozzle projecting from the inner' end of said barrel, said nozzle projectingthrough a Wall of said burner casing and into the interior thereof into close proximity to the coil within said casing to direct a flame thereupon, the barrel containing an air jet and a fuel jet in operative relation to form an atomizer.

8. In a main burner, a mixing chamber having a front and a rear wall, a mixing tube projecting through the front wall and extending' to a point adjacent the rear wall,

said tube having its upper portion cut away,

at the rea-r end, a stud secured to the rear end and projecting through the rear Wall. and a nut for said stud outside the rear wall, for holding the mixing tube in position on said wall.

9. In combination, a mixing chamber having front, rear and side walls, a pair of mixing tubes projecting through the front Wall and secured to the rear wall, the tubes being cut away at their top surface at the rear end thereof, and a baflle plate secured to the front and to the rear wall and spaced away from the side walls to provide a baille for the mixture and a burner plate above said baille plate.

l0. Anozzle comprising an air discharge tube, an air discharge jet mounted in the end of .said air discharge tube. a sleeve arranged about said air discharge tube,' a liquid fuel jet communicating with the space between said air discharge tube and said sleeve, a cap member mounted upon said sleeve and inclosing said air discharge jet, said cap member having a discharge opening through which a mixture of fuel and air is adapted to b'e discharged, a passage between said cap member and said Sleeve, one end of said passage communicating with the space between the air discharge tube and the sleeve arranged thereabout, the opposite end of said passage communicatingwith a conical space between the air discharge jet and said cap member, the discharge of air from the air discharge jet effecting the issuance of a conical film of liquid fuel from said conical space.

In witness whereof,l I hereunto subscribe my name this 6th day of June, A. D. 1919.

OSCAR F. CARLSON. 

